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The Temple of the Five Lords (), also known as the "Temple of the Five Officials", is a memorial shrine to five exiled officials from the Tang and Song dynasties that is located to the southeast of the city of Haikou on the island of Hainan, China. During the times of these dynasties, Hainan was perceived as a remote part of the empire and was used as a place for banishment for disgraced court officials. All five officials commemorated at the temple encountered such a fate, typically after losing power struggles within the imperial court. Notable buildings of the temple complex are the Five Lords Ancestral Hall proper (), the Guanjia Hall (), the Xuepu Hall (), the East Hall () and West Hall (, also known as ), the Sugong Ancestral Hall (), the Ancestral Hall of the Two Fubo Generals (), the Bai Pavilion (), the Dongzhuo Pavilion (), the Suquan Pavilion (), the Xixin Hall (), and the Youxian Cave (). In total, the temple complex covers an area of 2800 square meters.〔Wugong Temple (Five Officials Temple) - chinatravel.com〕 The temple's main building is the Five Lords Ancestral Hall. It is a red two-story wooden structure that stands more than 9 m meters tall and has a total floor space of 560 square meters.〔name=china.org>(Memorial Temple of Five Lords - china.org.cn )〕 A historical inscription on a board placed over the front entrance on the second floor declares it the "first building in Hainan". The earliest buildings of the complex were erected during the reign of Wanli Emperor (1572–1620) of the Ming Dynasty.〔〔(Wugong Temple - China Travel Tour Guide )〕 The temple has undergone a major restoration during the reign of the Qing emperor Guanggxu (in 1889)〔 followed by minor repairs that were carried out later. The five officials commemorated in the temple are the Tang chancellor Li Deyu (, 787—850), and the four Song ministers Li Gang (, 1083–1140), Li Guang (, 1078–1159), Zhao Ding (, 1085–1147, also known for his poetry), and Hu Quan (, 1102–1180).〔 Each of the officials had been banished to Hainan Province after having fallen out of the court's favor and is now represented by a stone statue placed on the temple grounds. The Ancestral Hall of the Two Fubo Generals is dedicated to the two generals Lu Bode (, captured Hainan in 110 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty and Ma Yuan (, 14 BC – 49 AD) of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Both generals played important roles in establishing Chinese rule over Hainan and were recognized by their emperors with the honorary title "Fubo General" () for their achievements. The Sugong Temple is located to the southeast of the Temple of Five Lords. It commemorates Su Shi (), a renowned poet and statesman of the Song Dynasty, who was also banished to Hainan. The temple is located near the administrative border between the City of Haikou and Qiongshan District, about 5 kilometers away from the city center of Haikou. ==Five officials== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Temple of the Five Lords」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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